How effective is Dahls use of subtext in his short stories? :: English Literature

How effective is Dahls use of subtext in his short stories?Subtext is anything that is indirectly communicated to the reader. Itcan be conveyed in many ways, such as sounds, objects, jokes, coloursand temperatures. Subtext expresses a meaning in a subliminal manner.In Roald Dahls short stories he uses subtext to display the meaningsand feelings that are hidden.In The Landlady Dahl uses subtext to convey the true evil behind thelandladys homely exterior. The animals in the boarding house arethought of to be a good feature. Animals were unremarkably a good sign ina place like this. This is ironic because the animals are dead andstuffed.When Billy Weaver first walked into the house he noticed that therewas only his coat in the hallway. There were no other hats or coatsin the hall. This is subtext because it suggests that the house isempty.Subtext can also be suggested through temperature. completely the way throughthe story, temperature is used subtextually to suggest meanings andfeel ings. The weather outside was cold. A cold temperature is subtextfor death. The air was deadly cold and the wind was like a matte bladeof ice, this is pathetic fallacy because it is typical horror genreweather. Inside the house heat is used to cover up the coldness ofdeath. A bright blaze burning is used to make the house search warm.The cups of tea are used in the same way.When Billy goes to the house the landlady appears very quickly, likea jack-in-the-box. This indicates that she was waiting for him toarrive. what is more it seems as if she has prepared everything for himin advance. In other words she knew the point when he was going toarrive. The landlady says we have it all to ourselves. She alsotalks about her guests in the past tense. Therefore it is suggestedthat the guests are no longer there.The landlady is an unconventional monster in this horror story. Shelooked exactly like the mother of ones best school-friend explainsthat this woman seemed attractive and familiar to Billy. Her role in thestory is reversed when it is revealed that she is in fact a coldkiller.The landlady acts very strangely towards Billy, her blue eyestravelled lento all the way down the length of Billys body. Thelandladys ayes are described as blue. Blue eyes are not usuallyassociated with evil so this makes her seem an irregular villain inthe story. The way she looks at him suggests a wicked look but theblue eyes eliminates the evil.

The Left Membrane Vs. The Right Membrane :: essays papers

THE LEFT MEMBRANE VS. THE RIGHT MEMBRANEMost people equate learning with studying, but psychologists define it more broadly, as the subprogram by which experience or practice results in a relatively permanent change in behavior or potential behavior. This definition sure encompasses academic learning, but it covers many other forms of learning as well learning to turn off lights when we leave a room, learning which way to nonplus the key into the front door lock, learning how to avoid falling down on skis, learning how to dance (Morris & Maistro, 185).The largest part of the human flair is the cerebrum. It is change integrity into cardinal haves, or hemispheres, each of which controls is opposite half of the body, The hemispheres are connected by a band of some three hundred zillion nerve cadre fibers called the corpus callosum. Covering each hemisphere is a one-eighth-inch-thick, intricately folded layer of nerve cells called the cortex. The cortex first appeared in our anc estors about two hundred million years ago, and it is what makes us uniquely human. Because of it, we are to organize, remember, communicate, understand, appreciate, and create.The brain regulates all bodily functions. It controls our most primitive behavior eating, sleeping, keeping warm, it is responsible for our most sophisticated activities the human beings of civilization, of music, art, science, and language. Our hopes, thoughts, emotions, and personality are all lodged-somewhere-inside there. After thousands of scientist have studied it for centuries, the only word to describe it remains Amazing (Ornstein & Thompson, 15).In normal people, the switch with frenetic depression, allows either the left or right hemisphere to be dominant during different mental tasks, with the two sides constantly taking turns. In people with phrenetic depression, one hemisphere becomes locked into a dominant position in periods of depression while the other hemisphere is locked at times of mani a. The notion that the human brain has two halves and that the left side is associated with logical, analytical thinking while the right side is more intuitive, emotional and creative was popularized about 20 years ago, and curtly became received wisdom about how the brain works (Castro).The new theories are also appealing to many experts because they take on a question that has divided researchers for decades. Do people have one overarching mind that spans the two hemispheres? Or are they born with two separate minds -- one on the left and one on the right -- which operate so seamlessly that the person simply does not notice that there are two?

fidel castro Essay -- essays research papers

The United States of America is a country that believes in democracy and hasunfavorable ties with communist countries. The United States has tried fordecades to break relations with the countries that dont practice democracy.History shows disagreements between the United States and dictators of theseirreverent countries, disagreements that brought the world to the brink ofnuclear war. The most recent of these confrontations involved trio countries.United States of America, Cuba and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic(USSR). Fidel Castro is a Cuban revolutionary, who took control of Cuba in 1959and established a Communist dictatorship. Castro, who was born in Mayari, becamethe attraction of an underground, anti-government faction. In 1956, he led arebellion that won increasing popular support. Eventually Castro forced Batistay Zaldivar, who was the premier of Cuba to flee the country. Once in powerCastro executed and imprisoned thousands of political opponents, nationalizedindu stry, collectivized agriculture, and established a one-party socialiststate. In the early 1960s Castro openly embraced Communism and make closeties with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR), relying on Sovieteconomic and military aid approving limited economic reforms that legalized some bump enterprise. In Cuba, an estimated $1 billion in U.S.-owned properties wereseized in 1960. The Castro government seized oil refineries, sugar mills, andelectric utilities owned by th...

Does the Colour of a Liquid Effect How Fast it Cools? :: essays research papers

Does the Colour of a Liquid Effect How Fast it Cools?I am trying to find out if the rubric of a liquid effects how quickly it cools down.Method1.First I took five test tubes and filled each one with 5ml of black, blue, green, red and buy the farm colouring (for the clear colouring I simply used water.)2.I then filled each of the test tubes with 25ml of boiling (of course whilst wearing safety goggles.) water and waited for the temperature to run to 50C and then measured the temperature of the water, using thermometers, every 30 seconds for three minutes.3.I recorded our results and repeated the experiment to make the test fairer. plot My diagram can be found in the plastic wallet this was give in with.Equipment5 standard test tubes.5 thermometers.Four colour dyes, black, blue, green and red.A stop watch.A kettle.PredictionI think that the colour of the liquid will effect how quickly it cools down because I distinguish that dark matt surfaces are better at absorbing radiation. T herefore, according to my theory, the darker dyes such as the black, blue and green will cool slower than the illumination ones.ResultsThese are my average results for both sets of recordings put into tablesGreen cadenceTemp (C)000500304910048130472004723046RedTimeTemp (C)000500304510043130422004123040BlueTimeTemp (C)000500304710044130422004123040BlackTimeTemp (C)000500304710044130422004123039 sack upTimeTemp (C)000500304810047130452004423037I then put these results into a graph which you can find in the plastic wallet this was handed in with.I then worked out the total temperature loss for each colour and put them into this tableRedGreenBlueBlackClearTotal Temperature Loss in C104101113I then put the results into this bar chart shuttingMy results seem very strange and almost contradict my prediction. All the results seem quite similar, except the green dye, which, of course, could simply be an anomalous result. Therefore my resultant is that the colour of a liquid makes no differ ence to how quickly it cools down.EvaluationI understand that my experiment was not at all completely accurate. To be so I would need to do it in a controlled, stable environment, but this was not available to me.

Essay --

Moving forward, strategies to enhance participation have been established by questioners to address the prominent needs of women participating in clinical trials.5 There is a need to understand special populations, their culture and past experiences within the healthcare fraternity. Fears and mistrust usually are found to chuck from culture barriers and negative past experiences. Secondly, the establishment of biotic community partnerships provides for effective communication. Strategies to link with communities must be based on the existing relationships between investigators and the communities to which participants are sought. A reconceptualization of the research process for underrepresented participants is necessary.5 Women with negative views towards the participation in research need to perceive involvement in clinical trials as a method for move womens health.Promotion of research through existing relationships with leaders of the community and investigators creates a me thod of effective trust in the recruitment of participants from the community. Some research institutions have even drafted guidelines for the development and implementation of clinical trials for specific underrepresented communities. The guidelines promote active engagement of community partners in the study design and protocol of the study. Allowing community partners to have influence in the direction of the project to ensure original goals are adhered to appropriately. Highlighting the concept of research projects should be to benefit the community and community members should be involved in the interpretation of data. For the upcoming, continuation of partnerships between community members and researchers after the project is completed is highly reco... ...through involvement in clinical studies. estimable principles and guidelines must be unambiguous and help increase the advancement of womens health through clinical trials not impede. Finally, efforts to acquire more info rmation most women to improve womens health will only result in dismay without strong ethical principles implemented for protection. Thus the establishment of ethical principles, by the support of the FDA and other organizations, will aid in improving the overall process of advancing womens health by eliminating unethical events involving women and providing guidelines for the design of clinical trials specific to women. There is much to accomplish for the advancements in womens health in the future, but new breakthroughs in science and innovations lie in the future with the identification of ethical challenges and the discovery of new solutions.

The Mercury Symbol Essay -- Sex Gender Crossdresser Transsexual Essays

The Mercury Symbol My moms former boyfriend Rick, now known as Andrea, became a woman over a decade ago. Andrea is a transgender person whom the Mercury symbol represents. For transgender mickle, the Mercury symbol stands for their personal inner striving to wrench the gender they feel they were meant to be, equality, and pride. Happily, Andrea and my mom have remained friends since she became a woman. For many people who cross the gender line, acceptance does not always come so easily. Transgender is be as appearing, wishing to be considered as, or having undergone surgery to become a member the opposite sex. There argon many terms for or associated with transgender people, which people may also link to the Mercury symbol, such as transvestite, transsexual, crossdresser, intersexed (Wellesley College). The symbol is meant to express the balance of feminine and masculine traits within an individual. Some transgender people are open about their feelings while others, for fear of societal rejection, hide their pain for years and sometimes forever.The Mercury symbol dates back to ancient Greek mythology. Hermes (Mercury) and Aphrodite (Venus) had a child that possessed both male and female sexual organs. They named the child Hermaphroditus, which is where the term hermaphrodite originally came from. The Mercury symbol is made up of trine parts the crescent moon, the cross, and the ring. The crescent moon represents masculinity, while the cross represents the feminine and the ring stands for the individual surrounded by the struggle with gender. (forPLU) In todays society, it is not easy to be an openly transgendered person and wear this symbol on your sleeve. Most people fear what is different... ... strength they show by ever-changing their gender and way of life. Bibliography I wonder what that means. Wellesley Colleges Queer Resource Handbook. 2000. Wellesley College. 28 Sept. 2004 http//www.wellesley.edu/Activities/homepage/wlbtf/qrhand book/definitions.html Normal. Movie Tome. 2003. Movie Tome. 29 Sept. 2004 http//www.movietome.com/movietome/servlet/MovieMain/movieid-77789/Normal/ Stone, Sandy. Transgender. 1999. Sandy Stone. 29 Sept. 2004 http//sandystone.com/trans.html Symbols of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Movements. Lambda residential district Services. 2001. Lambda. 27 Sept. 2004 http//www.lambda.org/symbols.htm Symbolic signatures. 2000. forPLU.com. 27 Sept. 2004 http//www.forplu.com/community/life&style/symbols/symbols_meanings.htm

The Mercury Symbol Essay -- Sex Gender Crossdresser Transsexual Essays

The Mercury Symbol My moms former boyfriend Rick, now know as Andrea, became a woman over a decade ago. Andrea is a transgender person whom the Mercury symbol represents. For transgender flock, the Mercury symbol stands for their personal inner essay to become the gender they feel they were meant to be, equality, and pride. Happily, Andrea and my mom have remained friends since she became a woman. For many people who cross the gender line, acceptance does not always come so easily. Transgender is defined as appearing, wishing to be considered as, or having undergone surgery to become a member the opposite sex. There are many terms for or associated with transgender people, which people may also link to the Mercury symbol, such as transvestite, transsexual, crossdresser, intersexed (Wellesley College). The symbol is meant to express the balance of feminine and masculine traits within an individual. Some transgender people are open about their feelings while others, for fear of societal rejection, hide their pain for years and sometimes forever.The Mercury symbol dates back to ancient classical mythology. Hermes (Mercury) and Aphrodite (Venus) had a child that possessed both male and female sexual organs. They named the child Hermaphroditus, which is where the term hermaphrodite originally came from. The Mercury symbol is made up of three parts the crescent moon, the cross, and the ring. The crescent moon represents masculinity, while the cross represents the feminine and the ring stands for the individual surrounded by the struggle with gender. (forPLU) In straightaways society, it is not easy to be an openly transgendered person and wear this symbol on your sleeve. Most people fear what is different... ... strength they show by changing their gender and way of life. Bibliography I wonder what that means. Wellesley Colleges Queer Resource Handbook. 2000. Wellesley College. 28 Sept. 2004 http//www.wellesley.edu/Activities/homepage/wlbtf/qr handbook/definitions.html Normal. Movie Tome. 2003. Movie Tome. 29 Sept. 2004 http//www.movietome.com/movietome/servlet/MovieMain/movieid-77789/Normal/ Stone, Sandy. Transgender. 1999. Sandy Stone. 29 Sept. 2004 http//sandystone.com/trans.html Symbols of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Movements. Lambda Community Services. 2001. Lambda. 27 Sept. 2004 http//www.lambda.org/symbols.htm Symbolic signatures. 2000. forPLU.com. 27 Sept. 2004 http//www.forplu.com/community/life&style/symbols/symbols_meanings.htm

Capital Budgeing Case Study Essay

There are at least six detonating device budgeting tools a firm flowerpot use in analyzing a capital expenditure. They are net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), profitability index (PI), payback stopover (PB), discounted payback period (DRP), and modified internal rate of return (MIRR). This case study will focus mainly on NPV and IRR, in addition to the remain four capital budgeting tools.Net Present Value (NPV)The NPV of an investment proposal for a assure is the same as the present value of its annual issue cash flows less the investments initial outlay (Keown, Martin & Petty, p. 310, 2014). Before calculating the NPV you must first forecast the externaliseed revenue for the life of the project to obtain the net cash flow figures. This involves accountants and analysts crunching numbers based on many factors such as the economy, supply and demand, competition, and how the company plans on carrying out the project (University of Phoenix, 2013). NPV looks at the present value of the benefits minus the present value of the costs. You also need a discount rate it is normally the cost of capital. The cost of capital is used because a firm wants the project to at a minimum make more than what capital is now costing the firm to run its business.The principle for NPV is if the value is greater than or equal to zero the project is accepted (Keown, Martin & Petty, p. 310, 2014). After completing a five year projected income statement and a five year projected cash flow from the capital budgeting case study for corporation A and B, this information was used to calculate the NPV for each corporation. deal As NPV= $2,025 and Bs is NPV= $3,293. Both NPVs are equal or greater than zero so both projects are a go, but corporation B has a greater NPV, making it a better choice if based on NPV alone (University of Phoenix, 2013). Internal Rate of ease up (IRR)

Gary Paulsen Biography Essay

The 1990s was a condemnation known as the digital Decade. A time when the Stock Market rocketed and the internet took withdraw. Along with technology becoming popular, Gary Paulsen was writing ace of his cardinal 100 novels, The River. It showed how the U.S. Government cherished progeny Brian to go back in the wilderness and reenact his survival skills he used a few years back, after he was tangled in a plane crash. Gary Paulsen is a great novel and short story writer for people of all ages. He is one of Americas most popular writers for young people, including adults and children (About). His manner was full of interesting things. Many of the things he did, including working on a kick upstairs over the summer in his youthful years, and jobs such as being an engineer, construction worker, sailor, truck driver, and ranch hand gave him lots of material to work with from which he created his great stories (About). Throughout his life, since he started writing, he has written o ver light speed books and short stories and many go through became very popular. Gary Paulsen was born May 17, 1939 in Minneapolis, Minnesota (About).His parents were Oscar and Eunice Paulsen (Gary). In his youth he was never a dedicated student in school but he had a passion for reading ever since he was very young (About). On a cold, wintery day, he walked into a subroutine library to warm up with nothing to do. On the way out he had himself his own library card and a book to read. From whence on he was hooked to reading and writing (Gary). He spent many moments alone in the cellar of his apartment building, reading book after book after book. Soon after he acquired a taste for adventure when he ran away from his sept to travel with the carnival at the age of 14 (About). Yates 2 In 1959, he attended Bemidji College in Minnesota, and he worked as a trapper to pay off tuition fees. He quit college two years after and joined the Army, working for the missiles department (Biogr aphy). In 1966, Paulsen began to write and has completed well over 100 books and short stories. He has written fiction, nonfiction, and drama for adults and children. He still continues to write to this day. Many of his nonfiction books relate to his jobs and interests.He has written books about farming, hiking, football, tennis, skiing, and erectoeing (Gary). Gary Paulsen says its his overwhelming judgement in young people that drives him to write (About). A few of his best sellers are Lawn Boy, The River, Brians Winter, Brians Hunt, The Rifle, Soldiers Heart, Tracker, The Crossing, Sentries, and Brains guide (Biography). Three of his novels- Hatchet, Dogsong, and the Winter Room were Newberry Honor Books. They often appear along with his other books on the best books list of the American Library Association (About). peerless thing Gary loves to do most was dog-sled racing. He took part in the famous 1,180 mile long dog-sled race known as the Iditarod twice, once in 1983 and a gain in 1985. His third attempt was shattered when he was diagnosed with a serious heart disease called angina (Gary). After he was forced to give up dog-sled racing, he started to focus more on writing with the same energy and effort that he used on his dogs while training them for the race. He worked 18-20 hour days every day staying committed to writing the way he would with his dogs.He said all he does is work, he doesnt have time to drink or fool around. He has always been that way and the end result is a lot of books being published out to the world (About). His wife, pity Wright Paulsen is an artist. In fact she has illustrated several books of his. They divide their time up writing and drawing between a home in La Luz, New Mexico and a boat out in the Pacific Ocean (About). Gary Paulsen has written many books during his life. A few have won special awards and honors. Others are liked by many young adults and children. His writing, especially his nonfiction Yates 3 books ref lect his interests and past jobs that he had acquired. An example would be his book Harris and Me. About a young boy who works on farm one summer with his cousin, is full of funny and adventurous events.This book is related to Paulsen because he also worked on a farm over the summer doing chores during his youth years. He also likes to write about survival, which you can see in his books Hatchet, Brians Winter, and The River. Although Gary Paulsen has written many books, over two hundred of them, one of his books called The River, was written and published in the 1990s. The 1990s is a time also known as The Digital Decade. The pace of life quickly sped up in this technology-driven decade (Digital Front Flap). At the beginning of the decade, it seemed that the economy was going to be sluggish. Instead, the Stock Market sky rocketed and the internet took off. From then on it has been a fast pace through life (Digital 79). Mr. Bill Clinton was the president at the time. He had an enth usiasm for people and treasured to help them encounter their dreams (Digital 63). When Clinton was a boy at age 16, he met with President John F. Kennedy in the Rose Garden and shook his hand.After that day his life changed and he had a strong desire to become the president of the United States of America. Bill Clinton was just 46 years old when he became the nations forty-second chief executive. Clinton attempted to fulfill a campaign promise to disable the ban on homosexuals in the military. His decision ended in the Dont Ask, Dont Tell compromise that didnt satisfy commanders of the military or the gay community (Digital 66). After a humanitarian effort was launched in Somalia, and after Clintons best decisions to handle the situation, thirty American Servicemen died. Ever since that happened, Clinton refused to come in contact with Rwanda, despite grandspread genocide that happened there, and caused over one million deaths. More than thirty million American citizens did not h ave medical insurance in the earl 90s. Candidate Bill Clinton promised to expand reportage and affordable healthcare for every person in America (Digital 66).He named Hilary Clinton to lead the drive to recreate the health insurance Yates 4 industry. This is why critics accuse him of nepotism (Digital 66-67). By the end of his first year in office, many Americans were wondering just how ineffective and unpopular he could become (Digital 67). Laptops and cell phones became popular in offices, airports, and in pants pockets. Huge SUVs were found all over the road and fashion became as wild and weird as the world wide web itself. Children began spending time with the latest Pokemon cards or playing the latest video game. The 90s was a time of almost unbounded choices and personal freedom. The 1990s was summed up by the word whatever (Digital 79). Electronic-game industries had a growth rate twice that of the movie industry and brought in an annual revenue of about 6.3 billion dollars . Even though console based games such as the Playstation and Nintendo became much more faster and complicated than they used to be, the real yard behind the game industries huge growth came from the personal-com retcher games.A new kind of athlete called adrenaline junkies were on the lookout for new and exciting, but often physically dangerous challenges. This created a subculture called extreme sports in the 90s (Digital 80). Some extreme sports such as sky surfing and street luge were viewed by the people as mostly lunatics, and not athletes. But snowboarding, mountain biking, and climbing became very popular to most people. In 1995, ESPN gave extreme sports some help by creating and airing the X Games. It showed athletes competing in summer and winter competitions (Digital 80). On August 2, 1990, infantry, armor, and tanks of the Iraqi Republican Guard invaded Kuwait and seized control. United States responded with operation DESERT shield to stop invasion of Kuwaits neighbor, Saudi Arabia (Operation). On August 7, deployment of U.S. Forces began. The U.S. Objectives included immediate, complete, and unconditional withdrawal of all Iraqi forces from Kuwait. If Iraqi dictator ibn Talal Hussein Hussein did not remove his troops from Kuwait by January 15, 1991, U.S. led troops were to force them out.On January 17, the U.S. Coalition launched air attacks on Iraqi targets. On February 24, ground forces began their attack. On February 27, Kuwait City was declared Yates 5 liberated. This was known as the Gulf War (Operation). The field of medical science and the advances made in the late 90s will most likely have the biggest impact on our society (History). The two advances found will leave us with political and moral questions in the future. Cloning and Stem Cell Research are the major medical science advances. The 90s also cut the development and growth of Genetic Engineering. Genetic Engineering is used to help make plants resistant to herbicides and insect icides. Over 60% of products on U.S. Grocery store shelves have genetic engineering in them (History). The 1990s was a decade of electronics. The computer and internet were huge inventions in the 90s. The pace of life was sped up dramatically in this decade. Overall this would have been a great decade to choose to live in. With all of the technology and internet setting in, authors were still writing books on paper. One of those authors was Gary Paulsen.He wrote the novel The River in the 1990s and it is about true survival. The River has a few themes in its story, but the biggest one is true survival versus affair playing. After Brians survival story when a plane crashed and left him stranded in the woods for fifty-four days, he was asked to reenact it. A psychologist named Derek joins him in what he calls Brians reenactment, an investigate. Brian insists that Derek leave behind all of his equipment he is wanting to bring with them (Paulsen 23). He thinks that Derek doesnt truly understand the spirit of the experiment. Brians ability to convince Derek leaves them with a briefcase, and emergency radio, and a few other small things. Brian tells Derek that the only way to teach survival is to physically put a person in a real life or death situation (Paulsen 34). Derek wants Brian to think out loud so he can write down his every thought and move. Then all of the sudden the so called experiment turned too real way too fast. That dark a terrible storm had moved in, and it wasnt just any storm, it was a storm that Brian had never experienced before.Derek Yates 6 reached for his radio and briefcase and was struck by lightening (Paulsen 52). This is when the experiment turned from role playing to true survival. Brian woke up from the storm and saw Derek laying in a weird position. He was stimulate that Derek was dead but found out he was only unconscious. He panicked and grabbed the radio to try and get help but the radio was destroy by the lightening strike. Wh en Brian tries giving Derek water, he chokes immediately (Paulsen 65). Brian fears the worst and knows that Derek wont be able to get water until someone rescues them. He reaches for Dereks briefcase and finds only a map inside, but on the map he sees a river. He studies it and finds that a traders post is one hundred miles down along the river (Paulsen 73). Brian decides to take Derek with him instead of leaving him alone and coming back for him. This brings us into the symbol of nature and the river. all(prenominal) throughout the novel, nature is a huge part.From the beginning when Brian and Derek first leave for the Canadian wilderness, to camping out and surviving. The whole novel is about surviving the wilderness. Paulsen also shows nature at its best when Brian and Derek were attacked by swarms of mosquitoes multiple times while rafting down the river (Paulsen 86). Another point in the novel, they were faced with a dangerous waterfall in the river. The of import inspiration for writing this book came from Paulsens award winning book Hatchet. So many of his fans loved reading it that they sent Paulsen letters saying they wanted him to write a sequel. After reading the letters, Paulsen came up with the idea to write The River. A perfect sequel to Hatchet, Brian, the main character of the book, is asked to reenact his survival skills by the government when a plane crashed in the Canadian woods and left him stranded for fifty-four days. I think Gary Paulsen wrote this book for the same reason he wrote many of his books, for his love of nature.He has always loved nature and survival. Another reason he wrote this book is because he loves to travel. After reading The River, I effected the whole story was about survival. I wasnt surprised though, as I read many other books from Gary Paulsen including Hatchet, Brians Hunt, Brians Yates 7 Winter, and Dogsong. All of those books are similar to The River in that they all have a story based off of adventure, surv ival, and nature. They are all very well written books and I enjoyed them a lot. If you are into books about a realistic, intense, and interesting survival story packed full of adventures, Gary Paulsen is one other you can turn too. I would super recommend his books, especially The River.Yates 8 Works Cited About Gary. www.RandomHouse.com. Random House, Inc., 2004. Web. 29 Nov 2011. . Biography of Gary Paulsen. usa-people-search.com. USA People Search, 2011. Web. 29 Nov 2011.

Bullying and the Holocaust

Bullying and the final solution Competition versus Cooperation When an animal is faced with starvation it often turns to cannibalism and may storm and kill a weaker animal of the same species. The German Nazis followed this system of competition versus cooperation. The Nazis felt they had no other choice to survive than to kill millions of Jews, Gypsies, and disabled people. later on the Holocaust, researchers uncovered many Journals kept by those who were persecuted.Here is a short exert from a fourteen year old girl October 27, 1937 The other girls and I were move for the sixth time today. This time they moved us to a factory closer to Auschwitz. Im beginning to fear that Im at the end and I might scare soon. At some points I wish they would go ahead and kill me so I wouldnt have to endure this pain. Through all of this I keep mum dont understand why the Nazis hate us. We never did anything to them. I often wish someone would speak up on our behalf and save us from this terrib le sustenance. looking at back on the Holocaust people wonder xactly why no one spoke up and fought for the persecuted for so long during the war. It was like they were all students in school who pretended not to notice when someone was getting bullied so they didnt have to get involved in it. Half of the mass slaughter of the Holocaust was due to bullying by peer pressure. People felt pressured by others to turn in Jews to Nazi officials. They wanted to save themselves and let the Jews be persecuted.As this happened more(prenominal) often no one even thought twice about it and had little regret that they probably Just sent omeone to their death. 2 As a part of the Final Solution, the Nazis did everything possible to exterminate the Jews. Through all of the hateful words, excruciating torture methods, and unreasonable forced labor, the Nazis believed that they threatened their way of life and the world would be better without them. World War II and the Holocaust officially ended on May 8, 1945, but only about two-thirds of the Jewish population remained.

How America Became a Global Superpower Essay

The unify States of America is the worlds last remaining mightiness. However, this was not always the case. The join States toiled in relative obscurity on a spherical scale for most of its history. As the world evolved, so too did the young tribe. The United States attempted to sojourn out of world affairs, simply a time came when that was no longer possible. Necessity dictated that the United States become a major player at the spheric level. The United States entered into cin one caseption contend II a great power and emerged a global superpower.What is a superpower?In order to properly examine the events that led to the emergence of the United States as a superpower it is important to understand exactly what constitutes a nation gaining the status of that title. According to Lyman milling machine of the Stanford Journal of oecumenical Relations, A superpower is a country that has the capacity to project dominating power and influence anywhere in the world, and someti mes, in more(prenominal) than one region of the globe at a time, and so may plausibly attain the status of global (2006). thither bemuse been umpteen global superpowers throughout history. The United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Soviet Union, and the United States consent all spent significant time in the ago as global superpowers.The collapse of the Soviet Union allowed the United States to become the only nation with a legitimate claim to the title of global superpower. However, there ar other nations that may be able to lay claim to the title at some point in the future. Perhaps the most visible, and closest, of these countries is the Peoples Republic of China. Over the past 20 years, China has grown into both a multitude and economic power. China has the second volumedst GDP in the world, next to the United States, according to the International Monetary Fund. However, Miller doesnt seem to believe China will be evolving anytime soon. At a broader level, in global aff airs, its stature and power are growing, but in most respects it remains a regional power, complementing the cast of other great powers under the overarching dominance, however momentary, of the United States (Miller, 2006).Focus on Domestic IssuesThe United States stick arounded out of foreign affairs throughout most of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. These policies actually served the country quite an well as the young nation had many domestic businesss that undeniable to be resolved before it could take a prominent position in global affairs. This did not see the United States from intervening when it was necessary.Aside from this, the citizens of the United States did not really have the stomach for foreign powers. This could perhaps not be better stated than it was by George Washington, the first President of the United States, in his farewell address in 1796. The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is in extending our commerc ial relations, to have with them as short(p) political connection as possible. So far as we have already organize engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none or a genuinely remote relation. Hence she moldiness be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities.The first major problem the United States wanted to tackle was the belief that the country was destined to expand across the continent. This led to a focus on expansion. The dream began with Thomas Jeffersons purchase of the Louisiana Territory. This purchase doubled the size of the United States. Between 1811 and 1912 the United States went from 17 to 48 states spanning from the Atl antic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. It took 100 years, but the United States dream of manifest destiny was realized. (World Book, 2011)One issue which evolved from the nations rapid expansion and precluded the United States from becoming involved in global affairs was the countrys relationships with Native Americans. The United States would move Native Americans off of their land and moved them to reservations. It was a very tenuous relationship.There were other issues within the ensuing years. The most significant of these problems was the Civil warfare. Between 1861 and 1865 the United States was locked in a brutal Civil fight. south struggled Carolina seceded from the union on December 20, 1860. Ten other southern states (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi in January Arkansas, jointure Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia later in 1861) followed South Carolinas lead and formed the Confederate States of America. Over the next four years Americans killed each other in combat. This resulted in over 600,000 American deaths. The Civil fight remains the deadliest war (in terms of American deaths) in United States history. The war did have a couple of positive outcomes. The war preserved the United States. Additionally, the war led to the abolishment of slavery. (World Book, 2011)The Civil War led directly to another major issue. The issue of reconstruction was not just about rebuilding the set upon the south, but also rebuilding the nations unity. Laws were passed to allow African-Americans to have the same opportunities as white Americans, though they often werent enforced. Former Confederate states were required to ratify the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the Constitution in order to be readmitted to the Union (World Book, 2011). Reconstruction ended in 1877, 12 years after the Civil War ended.Communication ProblemsDomestic problems were not the only things standing in the way of the United States becoming a world power. There wer e numerous communication barriers that prevented the United States from having any significant influence on issues of a global scale. The most obvious of these issues is the proximity of the United States to the other peachy Powers of the world. There are hundreds of miles of ocean amidst the United States and Europe and Asia across the Atlantic and Pacific respectively. Until the advent of the telegraph the only form of communication between the new world and the old world was via letter or personal contact. Communication in this manner could take weeks to complete.Superpower AbilityThere were many positive things happening domestically for the United States. The United States has a varied climate, a diverse amount of natural resources, and geographic barriers that make it more awkward to beleaguer the country. These issues placed the United States in a unique position to become a global superpower.The climate of the United States gives it the ability to grow some(prenominal) incompatible types of crops. Corn grows in the plains, cotton in the south, and dairy in the north. It also allows for many different types of animals co-exist as there are several different items for them to graze on. This gives the Unites States the ability to reliably feed its entire populace, at least at the current population levels.The United States also has a plentiful bestow of natural resources. These resources include both renewable resources, such as the aforementioned food and animals, and a wide array of nonrenewable resources, such as coal, oil, and metals. The great amount of natural resources have allowed the United States to create an economic infrastructure that is capable of sustaining the populace without outside assistance from other nations. small-arm the nations geographic barriers have made it terribleer to communicate with other world powers (at least initially), they also make it harder for a country to maintain a sustained offensive against the United States. It is hard to keep supply lines stocked when the venue of war is halfway across the globe. Most countries do not have the resources to keep up that type of attack for an extended period of time, and even fewer have the ability to maintain an occupying force over the course of several years to combat insurrection.Effect of WarWars had a profound effect on the emergence of the United States as a global superpower. Not only did these wars show that the United States had a military worthy of global recognition, but they also helped to give the United States more clout on the world political stage. World War I and World War II probably had the largest effect, but the Korean and Vietnam Wars, while smaller in size, had large effects on the United States sphere of influence. This gave Americans the wherewithal to become more involved in world politics.World War I was the first major overseas conflict in which the United States became involved. The United States attempted to stay ou t of the war. When German submarines began s signing United States merchant vessels shipping supplies to Europe, however, it became impossible for the United States to maintain its neutrality. These and other acts of aggression convinced Wilson and other Americans of the need to assemble the war against Germany to make the world safe for democracy (World Book, 2011). The United States joining the war was enough to tip the scale in the allies favor. A little over a year and a half after the United States get together World War I it ended with the surrender of the Central Powers. The European countries in the war spent nearly 60% of their GDP on the war. This number was much lower for the United States. This gave the United States a much needed economic boost over the European powers. (World Book, 2011)After World War I there was a relatively short lived peace between the powers. In the late 1930s war sentiments in Europe began brewing again. In 1939 Germany invaded Poland sparking World War II. Again the United States took a militarily neutral stance. They did hold up the Allies (the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union) against the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) economically by sending supplies. Some American soldiers even volunteered to go fight for the United Kingdom. It once again took an unprovoked act of aggression (this time Japans sneak attack on Pearl Harbor) to provoke the United States to join the conflict. While the United States intervention in World War I helped secure an allied victory, the United States intervention in World War II helped falsify the course of the entire war.The United States did not recede back into isolation following World War II unlike the end of World War I. With most of the combat happening in Europe, Africa, and Asia the United States again suffered very little damage to their infrastructure. Europe was quite the opposite. With two major conflicts in less(prenominal) than 50 years European infrastructure was d ecimated. Japan was forbidden from keeping a large enough standing military to have any truthful significance on a global level thanks to their treaty with the United States. The Soviet Union stopped cooperating with the western Allies before the ink was dry on the peace treaties ending the war. The Soviets refused to unite their portion of Germany with the rest of the country, effectively splitting the country in two.The Cold War had begun.The Cold War necessitated that the United States remain on the forefront of global affairs because neither France nor the United Kingdom were in a position, economically or militarily, to defend against the Soviet threat. While the Cold War didnt have any direct combat between the two remaining superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, it did have conflict. The United States was involved in combat in Korea (which resulted in the split of Korea into two countries) and Vietnam. The Soviets were involved in combat in Afghanistan. The Col d War caused the United States to go on its military growth. As seen in the following chart, National Defense expenditures peaked in 1954 at almost 70 percent of the nations add budget (U.S. Government, 2009).Global InfluenceThe size of the United States military put them in a position of global dominance, but it takes more than a large military to become a global power. It also takes influence in foreign matters. This is another thing the United States has developed over the two and a half centuries since being founded. There have been more than a few global matters that the United States has influenced other than wars.After World War I the federation of Nations was formed. While United States President Woodrow Wilson was an advocate of the League the United States Senate was not. They voted down the motion for the United States to join the League of Nations. Many Americans believe that had the United States joined the League of Nations it would not have failed. This could have helped stop the Nazi spread through Eastern Europe. Decisions made by the United States influence the economies of every nation on earth. The world also looks to the United States for action in times of need. I think that the authorities would do better to sit down with ambassador Thomas and take advantage of whatever voluntary help the only superpower in the world today has to offer the Philippines to put a stop to the worldwide problem of women trafficking (Vitas, 2011).Without the United States the spread of communism would have continued unabated following World War II. To this end the United States helped to create the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to create the Soviet Unions Warsaw Pact. This helped to ensure the safety of democracy for the world. It also helped to curb the spread of communism.The United States also sets the tone culturally. Hollywood is the predominant film industry in the world. Perhaps the area where the United States had the largest cultural impact on a worldwide scale was with regards to space. It was a large achievement for all members of the human race when the Americans landed on the moon.ConclusionThe United States went into World War II as a world power and emerged as one of two superpowers. There were many things leading up to the nations emergence. The United States has the worlds largest economy, largest military, and the decisions made by its President have far reaching impacts. It has given the country a large sphere of influence that is still evident in the world today.ReferencesEinhorn, R. L., & Schulman, B. J. (2011). History of the united states. In World Book AdvancedRetrieved from http//www.worldbookonline.com/advanced/article?id=ar576000 Imf Report for selected countries. (2011, September). Retrieved from http//www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/weorept.aspx Miller, L. (2006). China an emerging superpower? Stanford Journal ofInternational Relations, Retrieved from http//www.stanford.edu/group/sjir /6.1.03_miller.html U.S. Government. (2009). The budget for fiscal year 2009, historical tables. Retrieved from U.S. Government Printing Office website http//www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/fy2009/pdf/hist.pdf Vitas, H. M. (2011, November 15). The revelation of the real harry thomas. Philippine Daily Chronicle. Retrieved from http//campus.westlaw.com/ Washington, G. (1796). George washington farewell address 1796. Retrieved from http//avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/washing.asp